过去完成时的用法（过去完成时的用法口诀）

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本文目录一览：

• 1、过去完成时态的用法
• 2、过去完成时有哪些用法？
• 3、过去完成时的用法
• 4、过去完成时用法
• 5、过去完成时的用法 过去完成时的用法简述

过去完成时态的用法

什么是过去完成时?顾名思义，过去完成时代表着在过去的某个时间或动作之前已经完成的动作，也就是说，如果一个动作发生在过去的过去，我们就可以用过去完成时。下面我就讲讲过去完成时的用法。

一、过去完成时的用法

1. 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。这个过去的时间常用by，before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句表示，也可以暗含在上下文中。

I had finished my homework before supper.我在晚饭前就把作业做完了。

The play had already started when we got to the theatre. 我们到剧场时戏已经开始了。

By the end of June they had treated over 10,000 patients. 到六月底他们已经治疗了一万多病人。

2. 过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或还要持续下去，常与for，since等词连用。如：

He had served in the army for ten years before he retired last year. 他在部队干了十年，去年退役了。

He told me that he had known her since he was a child. 他告诉我他从小就认识她。

He had learned English for eight years before he went to England for further study. 他在去英国深造前，已学了八年英语。

3. 在一段情景连贯的文字中，先发生的事放在后面叙述时，要用过去完成时。如：

Tom flew home, but his father had already died. 汤姆乘飞机回家，他的父亲却已经去世了。

4. 过去完成时也用于hardly...when..., no sooner...than..., It was the first time + that分句等一些固定句型中。

He had no sooner left the room than they began to talk about him. 他刚离开房间，他们就议论起他来。

We had hardly begun when we were told to stop.

我们刚开始就被叫停。

It was the first time that he had ever spoken to me in such a tune.他用这样的语调跟我讲话，这是第一次。

二、过去完成时与一般过去时的比较

1. 当一个由before, after, as soon as 等连词引导的从句所表示的动作和主句的动作紧接着发生时，两个动作均可用一般过去时来表示。

We had breakfast after we did morning exercises.

做完早操后，我们吃早饭。

The train started to move just before he reached the platform. 他到月台时火车刚开走。

They started ploughing as soon as they got to the fields. 他们一到地里就开始耕地。

2. 按时间顺序叙述两个或两个以上接连发生的动作时，用一般过去时。

He entered the room, turned on the light and sat down at the table. 他走进屋子，打开灯，坐在桌子旁。

3. 在表示某人过去未曾完成的“心愿”、“打算”、“计划”、“想法”、“许诺”等时，hope, mean, plan, think, intend等谓语动词常用过去完成时。

I had hoped to be back last night, but I didn’t catch the train. 我本来希望昨晚回来的，但没搭上火车。

We had thought to return early but they wouldn’t let us go. 我们本想早回来的，但他们不让我们走。

4. 在表示过去的句子中出现常与完成时态连用的词，如：already，yet，since，for，ever，never及次数名词等时，常用过去完成时来表示。

When we got there the basketball match had already started. 我们到那里时，篮球赛已经开始了。

The old man said that he wanted to go where he had never been. 老人说他想到他从未去过的地方去。

5. 如果句中出现了表示具体的过去时间的状语，句子的内容为过去的实际情况或句子的内容为历史事实时，句中的动词时态常用一般过去时。如：

The teacher said that it was Columbus who first discovered the American continent.老师说是哥伦布最早发现了美洲大陆。

6. 表述说话人始料未及的事情时，句子的谓语动词常用一般过去时。由于受汉语表述习惯的影响，常会用错时态。

过去完成时有哪些用法？

过去完成时(Past Perfect Tense)是英语中用来表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作或状态。它通常用来表示两个过去动作之间的先后关系，或者表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作。

过去完成时的句型结构如下：

主语 + had + 动词过去分词 + ……

例如：

"I had finished my homework before I watched TV." (我完成家庭作业之后才看电视)

过去完成时的用法

He said he had worked in that factory since 1949.

他说他自1949年以来一直在那家工厂工作。

When I woke up, it had already stopped raining.

当我醒来时，雨已经停了。

I didn’t know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson.

我对动词一无所知，因为我没有好好学习功课。

I returned the book that I had borrowed.

我归还了我借的书。

She found the key that she had lost.

她找到了丢失的钥匙。

He said that he had known her well

他说他曾经很了解她

扩展资料：

过去完成时(The Past Perfect Tense):表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作，对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或是结果，用来指在另一个过去行动之前就已经完成了的事件。它表示动作发生的时间是"过去的过去"，侧重事情的结果。

基本用法：

(1)表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句(在复合句中，由时间连接词引导的状语从句叫做时间状语从句)来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可能通过上下文来表示。

(2)表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for, since构成的时间状语连用。

(3)叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补充以前发生的动作时，常使用过去完成时。

(4)在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述的是过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。

(5)过去完成时常常用在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句(或间接引语)中，这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。

(6)状语从句:在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，"发生在过去的过去"，用过去完成时;发生在后，用一般过去时。

注意:如果两个动作紧接着发生，则常常不用过去完成时，特别是在包含before和after的复合句中，因为 这 时从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确，这时可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。

(7)动词think, want, hope, mean, plan, intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法，希望，打算或意图等。

过去完成时用法

过去完成时用法讲解

1、概述

过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作.它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”.表示过去某一时间可用by, before等构成的短语,也可用when, before等引导的从句或通过上下代表示.

His eyes shone brightly when he finally received the magazine he had long expected. 当她终于收到她盼望已久的杂志时,她兴奋得两眼闪光.

By the time he was twelve, Edison had begun to make a living by himself.12岁时,爱迪生就开始自己谋生.

2、构成

过去完成时由“助动词had+过去分词”构成.其否定式、肯定式、疑问式如下表：

肯定式 否定式 疑问式

I(we) I(We) you

You had read it. had not read it Had they read it?

He(She, They) He(She ,They) he

注意：had not 常简略为hadn't.

They asked me to have a drink with them and said it was at least ten years since I had enjoyed a good drink. 他们请我和他们一起喝酒,并说我自上次喝酒到现在至少十年了.

We had learnt 30 lessons by the end of last month.到上个月末为止,我们已经学了30课.

He said we hadn’t seen each other since I left Beijing.自从我离开北京,我们还没见过面.

3、过去完成时的用法

过去完成时的主要用法和现在完成时一样.不同的是,过去完成时把时间推移到了过去某一时间之前,与现在无关.

（1）过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作.这个过去的时间状语有by, before等介词短语或when, before等引导的从句.

Helen had left her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband came home. 海伦把钥匙忘到办公室里了,因此她不得不等她丈夫回来.

When we got to the cinema, the film had already begun.当我们到达电影院时,电影已经开始了.

He told me that he had visited the Great Wall before.他告诉我他以前参观过长城.

By the end of the match, they had kicked 2 goals, and we had kicked 4.比赛结束时,他们踢进了2个球而我们踢进了4个球.

When Jack arrived he learned Mary had been away for almost an hour.杰克到达后得知玛丽走了近一个小时了.

（2）表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始,一直延续到过去的这一时间,而且还可能继续下去的动作,常和for, since构成的短语或引导的从句连用.

The news came as no surprise to me. I had known for some time that the factory was going to shut down. 听到这个消息我并不感到吃惊.工厂要倒闭这件事我早就知道了.

By the time I left the school, he had taught the class for 3 years.到我毕业时,他已经教那个班三年了.

He said he had made great progress since he came here.他说自从他来这里他已经取得了很大进步.

（3）用于表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件从句或as if从句中表示与过去事实相反

If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.假如他昨天看到你,他就会问你这件事了.

I should have called you if I had known your telephone number.假如我过去知道你的电话号码,我就给你打电话了.

He described the scene as if he had been there.他描绘的景色如同他去过那里一样.

Had I known that you wanted the book, I would have sent it.如果我知道你要这本书,我会送来的.

（4）表示假设的宾语从句

放在像said,told,asked,thought,wondered等过去时动词的后面,表示在这些动作发生之前已经发生了的事情.

My friend told me that he had passed the exam.我的朋友告诉我,他已通过了考试.

He asked me whether I had seen the film the night before.他问我头一天晚上是否看过那部电影.

She wondered who had left the door open.她想知道谁敞着门的.

（5）用在 "It was the first/second/third…time that…”句型中

在此句型中,主句用了一般过去时,that引导的定语从句要用过去完成时.

This was the first time they had met in thirty-nine years. 这是39年里他们第一次见面.

It was the first time we had spoken together. 这是我们第一次在一起说话.

（6）intend, mean, hope, want, plan, suppose, expect, think等动词的过去完成时可以表示一个本来打算做而没有做的事

这种结构也可以表示过去未曾实现的设想、意图或希望等,含有某种惋惜.

I had intended to call on you yesterday, but I had an unexpected visitor.我本来昨天打算要去看你,但我来了个不速之客.

We had meant to tell her the news but found that she wasn’t in.我们本想把这个消息告诉她的,但发现她不在家.

（7）过去完成时常用结构有“hardly, scarcely, barely … when, no sooner… than等副词的句子里.

She hardly had gone to bed when the bell rang.他刚睡下铃就响了.

No sooner had they left the building than a bomb exploded.他们刚刚离开大楼,一颗炸弹就爆炸了.

（8）当before , after, as soon as 等引导的从句里的动作与主句的动作紧接时,由于这些连词本身已经说明了两个动作发生的先后关系,因此两个动作均可用一般过去时表示.

We had breakfast after we did morning exercises.做完早操之后,我们吃早饭.

The train started to move just before we reached the station.我们到车站时火车刚开动.

As soon as they got there, they started to study.他们一到那里就开始学习了.

过去完成时的用法 过去完成时的用法简述

1、表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前完成了的动作，即句子中的动作发生在“过去的过去”。可以用by，before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示。

比如：Lily had just left when we arrived。

2、表示从过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for, since构成的时间状语连用。

比如：He had lived in the house for five years .

3、在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述的是过去发生的事情，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。

比如：I had returned the English book that I had borrowed from the library.

4、过去完成时还可用在hardly…when…, no sooner…than…, It was the first (second, etc) time (that)…等固定句型中。在这类句型中，要注意，有时会用到倒装语句。

It was the second time that she had been late.

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